Varna Introduction Walking Tour (Self Guided), Varna
Varna, Bulgaria's maritime capital, is also the biggest holiday destination in the country, packed to the brim with entertainment venues and numerous historical sites. This dynamic city boasts a history that spans several millennia, from its early establishment as the Thracian settlement to its evolution into a significant economic and cultural hub in the Balkans.
The first mention of Varna, in the context of the Slavic conquest, dates back to the 6th-7th centuries AD. The name "Varna" possibly derives from various roots indicating 'shield,' 'water,' or 'fortress.' By 975, Byzantines solidified this name for the city, previously known as Odessos.
Odessos was established by Miletian Greeks around 585-550 BC on a former Thracian site. Over centuries, it thrived under Greek, and later Roman rule, showcasing grand structures like the Roman Baths (Roman Thermae).
Throughout the Middle Ages, Varna became a Byzantine and Bulgarian power center. It thrived as a commercial hub frequented by Genoese and Venetian merchants, developing its own currency and diverse crafts.
During the 16th and 17th centuries, the city was a significant port for the Ottoman Empire and played a strategic role in the Russo-Turkish wars. In the 19th century, it was pivotal during the Greek War of Independence and the Crimean War, serving as a key military and naval base. The establishment of Bulgaria鈥檚 first railway in 1866 linked Varna to major trade routes, enhancing its role as a crucial supplier of wheat and a center for European trade, marking its importance in Bulgaria's National Revival.
In the communist era, Varna grew as an industrial center and tourist destination. Briefly renamed 鈥淪talin鈥�, between 1949 and 1956, it was a favored resort for Eastern Europeans during the Cold War, symbolizing a mix of historical significance and cultural prominence.
A focal point of Varna's historical narrative is its Old Town area, a picturesque district that reveals the city's layered past through its architecture and urban layout. Here, the Dormition of the Mother of God Cathedral stands as a monumental beacon of Varna's spiritual heritage. Adjacent to the spiritual grandeur of the cathedral, Independence Square (Ploshtad Nezavisimost) pulsates with civic pride and is a popular gathering spot for locals and tourists alike. A stroll through the lush Sea Garden is essential to experiencing Varna鈥檚 connection to the Black Sea.
With this self-guided tour, we invite you to explore Varna鈥檚 rich history, wander through its bustling streets, and experience its cultural offerings firsthand. Don鈥檛 just read about it鈥攃ome and see for yourself why Varna continues to charm and captivate visitors from around the world.
The first mention of Varna, in the context of the Slavic conquest, dates back to the 6th-7th centuries AD. The name "Varna" possibly derives from various roots indicating 'shield,' 'water,' or 'fortress.' By 975, Byzantines solidified this name for the city, previously known as Odessos.
Odessos was established by Miletian Greeks around 585-550 BC on a former Thracian site. Over centuries, it thrived under Greek, and later Roman rule, showcasing grand structures like the Roman Baths (Roman Thermae).
Throughout the Middle Ages, Varna became a Byzantine and Bulgarian power center. It thrived as a commercial hub frequented by Genoese and Venetian merchants, developing its own currency and diverse crafts.
During the 16th and 17th centuries, the city was a significant port for the Ottoman Empire and played a strategic role in the Russo-Turkish wars. In the 19th century, it was pivotal during the Greek War of Independence and the Crimean War, serving as a key military and naval base. The establishment of Bulgaria鈥檚 first railway in 1866 linked Varna to major trade routes, enhancing its role as a crucial supplier of wheat and a center for European trade, marking its importance in Bulgaria's National Revival.
In the communist era, Varna grew as an industrial center and tourist destination. Briefly renamed 鈥淪talin鈥�, between 1949 and 1956, it was a favored resort for Eastern Europeans during the Cold War, symbolizing a mix of historical significance and cultural prominence.
A focal point of Varna's historical narrative is its Old Town area, a picturesque district that reveals the city's layered past through its architecture and urban layout. Here, the Dormition of the Mother of God Cathedral stands as a monumental beacon of Varna's spiritual heritage. Adjacent to the spiritual grandeur of the cathedral, Independence Square (Ploshtad Nezavisimost) pulsates with civic pride and is a popular gathering spot for locals and tourists alike. A stroll through the lush Sea Garden is essential to experiencing Varna鈥檚 connection to the Black Sea.
With this self-guided tour, we invite you to explore Varna鈥檚 rich history, wander through its bustling streets, and experience its cultural offerings firsthand. Don鈥檛 just read about it鈥攃ome and see for yourself why Varna continues to charm and captivate visitors from around the world.
How it works: Download the app "51爆料网: Walks in 1K+ Cities" from Apple App Store or Google Play Store to your mobile phone or tablet. The app turns your mobile device into a personal tour guide and its built-in GPS navigation functions guide you from one tour stop to next. The app works offline, so no data plan is needed when traveling abroad.
Download The 51爆料网 App
Varna Introduction Walking Tour Map
Guide Name: Varna Introduction Walking Tour
Guide Location: Bulgaria » Varna (See other walking tours in Varna)
Guide Type: Self-guided Walking Tour (Sightseeing)
# of Attractions: 9
Tour Duration: 2 Hour(s)
Travel Distance: 2.8 Km or 1.7 Miles
Author: Maia
Sight(s) Featured in This Guide:
Guide Location: Bulgaria » Varna (See other walking tours in Varna)
Guide Type: Self-guided Walking Tour (Sightseeing)
# of Attractions: 9
Tour Duration: 2 Hour(s)
Travel Distance: 2.8 Km or 1.7 Miles
Author: Maia
Sight(s) Featured in This Guide:
- Dormition of the Mother of God Cathedral
- Ploshtad Nezavisimost (Independence Square)
- Stoyan Bachvarov Dramatic Theatre
- Museum of Ethnography
- Roman Thermae (Roman Baths)
- Small Roman Baths of Odessos
- Anton Novak Square
- Sea Garden
- Slivnitsa & Kniaz Boris I Shopping Area
1) Dormition of the Mother of God Cathedral (must see)
The Dormition of the Mother of God Cathedral is one of the city's most iconic landmarks. Positioned on 鈥淪t. Cyril and St. Methodius鈥� square, this cathedral is a prominent feature of Varna. The cathedral's history began in 1880 when the first stone was laid by Prince Alexander I of Battenberg. To mark this significant occasion, the prince pardoned prisoners from Varna prison, further emphasizing the event's importance.
The cathedral's design and construction were influenced by several notable figures and architectural styles. The foundations were laid according to the plans of Odessus architect Maas, while the construction followed a design by the municipal architect P. Kupka. The building was inspired by the Peterhof Temple in Saint Petersburg, and local materials were used throughout its construction, including copper tin for the roof and domes. The construction was largely funded by donations, supplemented by a lottery that sold 150,000 tickets, both domestically and internationally.
The complete decoration of the cathedral began in 1949, and by the 1960s, stained glass windows were installed, adding to the building's beauty and solemnity. Between 1999 and 2002, significant renovations were undertaken, including the installation of a ventilation system and the restoration of the mural paintings. In 2001, the municipality funded unique outdoor lighting, which highlights the cathedral's architectural features at night. The renovation of the cathedral's domes was completed in 2002, with the roof construction enriched with materials based on gold and silver.
Today, the Dormition of the Mother of God Cathedral stands not only as a place of worship but also as a symbol of Varna's rich cultural and architectural heritage.
The cathedral's design and construction were influenced by several notable figures and architectural styles. The foundations were laid according to the plans of Odessus architect Maas, while the construction followed a design by the municipal architect P. Kupka. The building was inspired by the Peterhof Temple in Saint Petersburg, and local materials were used throughout its construction, including copper tin for the roof and domes. The construction was largely funded by donations, supplemented by a lottery that sold 150,000 tickets, both domestically and internationally.
The complete decoration of the cathedral began in 1949, and by the 1960s, stained glass windows were installed, adding to the building's beauty and solemnity. Between 1999 and 2002, significant renovations were undertaken, including the installation of a ventilation system and the restoration of the mural paintings. In 2001, the municipality funded unique outdoor lighting, which highlights the cathedral's architectural features at night. The renovation of the cathedral's domes was completed in 2002, with the roof construction enriched with materials based on gold and silver.
Today, the Dormition of the Mother of God Cathedral stands not only as a place of worship but also as a symbol of Varna's rich cultural and architectural heritage.
2) Ploshtad Nezavisimost (Independence Square)
Independence Square is the main square of Varna and serves as the historical heart of the city. This central square has been a focal point of Varna since the Liberation in 1878. It is now a vibrant hub where visitors can admire the beautiful building of the Drama Theatre, located at the beginning of the city's central pedestrian area. The square is an ideal spot for a leisurely stroll or enjoying a cup of coffee while taking in the impressive architecture and the lively atmosphere of Varna.
Varna's pedestrian zone, a must-visit landmark, begins near the Cathedral in the city center and leads directly to the Sea Garden and the beach. This area, rich with history, showcases Varna's authentic charm鈥攍ively, modern, and rejuvenated. In recent years, the main pedestrian zone has undergone comprehensive reconstruction and modernization to make the city's cultural and historical attractions more appealing and accessible to visitors.
The square's history reflects the city's diverse cultural and political changes. It was originally named "Musalla" due to its proximity to an old Muslim cemetery. In 1908, following Bulgaria's declaration of independence, the square was given its current name, "Nezavisimost," which translates to "Independence" in English. However, during the Communist era, the square's name was changed to "9th September" in 1952, commemorating the date marking the beginning of the Communist regime in Bulgaria. It wasn't until 1992, after the fall of the regime, that the square regained its former name, "Nezavisimost.
The architectural and historical landmarks around the square, including the Drama Theatre, which was constructed between 1912 and 1932, add to its cultural richness. Additionally, in 1960, the City Fountain area was designed, further enhancing the square's aesthetic appeal. During excavation works, ruins of a Roman fortified wall were discovered, adding an archaeological dimension to this already historically significant site. Today, Independence Square remains a central point of cultural and social life in Varna, reflecting the city's rich heritage and vibrant contemporary culture.
Varna's pedestrian zone, a must-visit landmark, begins near the Cathedral in the city center and leads directly to the Sea Garden and the beach. This area, rich with history, showcases Varna's authentic charm鈥攍ively, modern, and rejuvenated. In recent years, the main pedestrian zone has undergone comprehensive reconstruction and modernization to make the city's cultural and historical attractions more appealing and accessible to visitors.
The square's history reflects the city's diverse cultural and political changes. It was originally named "Musalla" due to its proximity to an old Muslim cemetery. In 1908, following Bulgaria's declaration of independence, the square was given its current name, "Nezavisimost," which translates to "Independence" in English. However, during the Communist era, the square's name was changed to "9th September" in 1952, commemorating the date marking the beginning of the Communist regime in Bulgaria. It wasn't until 1992, after the fall of the regime, that the square regained its former name, "Nezavisimost.
The architectural and historical landmarks around the square, including the Drama Theatre, which was constructed between 1912 and 1932, add to its cultural richness. Additionally, in 1960, the City Fountain area was designed, further enhancing the square's aesthetic appeal. During excavation works, ruins of a Roman fortified wall were discovered, adding an archaeological dimension to this already historically significant site. Today, Independence Square remains a central point of cultural and social life in Varna, reflecting the city's rich heritage and vibrant contemporary culture.
3) Stoyan Bachvarov Dramatic Theatre
The Stoyan Bachvarov Dramatic Theatre stands as one of the country's most significant and architecturally stunning buildings. Situated prominently on Independence Square, this theatre is a central hub of cultural activity in Varna, hosting a variety of performances including theatre, opera, and symphonic concerts. The theatre's elegant design and cultural importance make it a landmark in the city's rich artistic landscape.
Named after the renowned Bulgarian actor Stoyan Bachvarov, who served as its first manager, the theatre was originally established in 1921 as the Municipal Professional Theatre. Its historic building was designed by the architect Nikola Lazarov and constructed over two decades, from March 26, 1912, to June 5, 1932. The completion of the building was overseen by architects Dabko Dabkov and Jelyazko Bogdanov, who contributed to its classic and imposing architecture.
The Stoyan Bachvarov Dramatic Theatre features a main auditorium, a branch stage, and a smaller auditorium, catering to a wide range of performances and events. Its central location and stunning architecture make it a key venue for cultural expression and a gathering place for the city's residents and visitors alike. The theatre's exterior is a visual highlight of Nezavisimost Square, adding to the historic and cultural ambiance of the area.
Throughout its history, the Stoyan Bachvarov Dramatic Theatre has been a beacon of cultural life in Varna. It not only serves as a venue for local and international performances but also as a symbol of the city's dedication to the arts.
Named after the renowned Bulgarian actor Stoyan Bachvarov, who served as its first manager, the theatre was originally established in 1921 as the Municipal Professional Theatre. Its historic building was designed by the architect Nikola Lazarov and constructed over two decades, from March 26, 1912, to June 5, 1932. The completion of the building was overseen by architects Dabko Dabkov and Jelyazko Bogdanov, who contributed to its classic and imposing architecture.
The Stoyan Bachvarov Dramatic Theatre features a main auditorium, a branch stage, and a smaller auditorium, catering to a wide range of performances and events. Its central location and stunning architecture make it a key venue for cultural expression and a gathering place for the city's residents and visitors alike. The theatre's exterior is a visual highlight of Nezavisimost Square, adding to the historic and cultural ambiance of the area.
Throughout its history, the Stoyan Bachvarov Dramatic Theatre has been a beacon of cultural life in Varna. It not only serves as a venue for local and international performances but also as a symbol of the city's dedication to the arts.
4) Museum of Ethnography
The Museum of Ethnography is one of the city's most fascinating cultural institutions, offering a glimpse into the traditional life and practices of the region. Housed in a Revival-era building constructed around 1860, the museum has been a cornerstone of Varna's cultural landscape since its establishment in 1974. The building itself, with its historical architecture, provides an authentic setting for the artifacts and exhibits within.
The museum's first floor is dedicated to showcasing the primary occupations of the Varna region's inhabitants from the late 19th to early 20th centuries. Visitors can explore displays on agriculture, stock-breeding, apiculture, fishing, and various crafts such as cooperage, copper-making, furriery, and homespun tailoring. A highlight of this collection is the "dyolmedzha," an ancient plough used at the beginning of the 20th century, alongside vessels for grain storage and bread preparation. These exhibits provide a detailed look at the daily lives and labor practices of the time, including traditional customs related to sowing and harvesting.
On the second floor, the museum presents a rich array of traditional national costumes, reflecting the diverse demographic makeup of the Varna region. The clothing on display illustrates the variety brought about by complex migration patterns, with garments representing local populations as well as settlers from Thrace, Asia Minor, and Macedonia. Special costumes associated with cultural customs, such as Christmas, Petlyovden, and Lazarovden, are also showcased, offering insights into the region's festive traditions.
In addition to its exhibits, the Museum of Ethnography provides a comprehensive look at traditional Bulgarian weddings, including customs like the bride's departure from her home and the exchange of gifts. Visitors can also purchase information materials and souvenirs, making it a valuable resource for anyone interested in exploring the cultural heritage of Varna and Bulgaria more broadly.
The museum's first floor is dedicated to showcasing the primary occupations of the Varna region's inhabitants from the late 19th to early 20th centuries. Visitors can explore displays on agriculture, stock-breeding, apiculture, fishing, and various crafts such as cooperage, copper-making, furriery, and homespun tailoring. A highlight of this collection is the "dyolmedzha," an ancient plough used at the beginning of the 20th century, alongside vessels for grain storage and bread preparation. These exhibits provide a detailed look at the daily lives and labor practices of the time, including traditional customs related to sowing and harvesting.
On the second floor, the museum presents a rich array of traditional national costumes, reflecting the diverse demographic makeup of the Varna region. The clothing on display illustrates the variety brought about by complex migration patterns, with garments representing local populations as well as settlers from Thrace, Asia Minor, and Macedonia. Special costumes associated with cultural customs, such as Christmas, Petlyovden, and Lazarovden, are also showcased, offering insights into the region's festive traditions.
In addition to its exhibits, the Museum of Ethnography provides a comprehensive look at traditional Bulgarian weddings, including customs like the bride's departure from her home and the exchange of gifts. Visitors can also purchase information materials and souvenirs, making it a valuable resource for anyone interested in exploring the cultural heritage of Varna and Bulgaria more broadly.
5) Roman Thermae (Roman Baths) (must see)
The Roman Baths in Varna are a remarkable example of ancient architecture and a key historical landmark in the city. Built at the end of the 2nd century A.D., these thermal baths cover an area of 7,000 square meters, making them the largest ancient building discovered in Bulgaria and the biggest Roman baths on the Balkan Peninsula. The well-preserved walls and symmetrical design highlight the grandeur of the complex, which served as a central hub for public life in the Roman city of Odessus, now modern-day Varna.
The baths complex includes a range of facilities typical of Roman baths, such as an apodyterium (changing room), frigidarium (cold pool), tepidarium (warm pool), and caldarium (hot pool). It also features a palaestra, a space used for social and athletic activities. The baths were accessed through two main entrances on the northern facade, with wide stairs leading visitors to an antechamber designed to protect the dressing rooms from cold air. The interiors were lavishly decorated, with marble slabs lining the walls and multicolored mosaics adding to the splendor.
The Roman Baths' sophisticated heating system, known as a hypocaust, is a notable feature of the site. This underfloor heating system, using a network of pipes, ensured a comfortable environment throughout the different bathing areas. The richness of the ornamentation and the size of the complex underscore the importance of the thermae in ancient Odessus, both as a place of relaxation and as a social and cultural center.
Today, the Roman Baths of Varna are considered the fourth-largest preserved Roman baths in Europe, following the Baths of Caracalla and Baths of Diocletian in Rome, and the baths of Trier. The site stands as a testament to the architectural and engineering prowess of the Romans and remains a significant cultural and historical attraction in Varna, offering a glimpse into the luxurious lifestyle of its ancient inhabitants.
The baths complex includes a range of facilities typical of Roman baths, such as an apodyterium (changing room), frigidarium (cold pool), tepidarium (warm pool), and caldarium (hot pool). It also features a palaestra, a space used for social and athletic activities. The baths were accessed through two main entrances on the northern facade, with wide stairs leading visitors to an antechamber designed to protect the dressing rooms from cold air. The interiors were lavishly decorated, with marble slabs lining the walls and multicolored mosaics adding to the splendor.
The Roman Baths' sophisticated heating system, known as a hypocaust, is a notable feature of the site. This underfloor heating system, using a network of pipes, ensured a comfortable environment throughout the different bathing areas. The richness of the ornamentation and the size of the complex underscore the importance of the thermae in ancient Odessus, both as a place of relaxation and as a social and cultural center.
Today, the Roman Baths of Varna are considered the fourth-largest preserved Roman baths in Europe, following the Baths of Caracalla and Baths of Diocletian in Rome, and the baths of Trier. The site stands as a testament to the architectural and engineering prowess of the Romans and remains a significant cultural and historical attraction in Varna, offering a glimpse into the luxurious lifestyle of its ancient inhabitants.
6) Small Roman Baths of Odessos
The Small Roman Baths of Odessos are located in the southeastern part of modern Varna, just south of the larger Roman Thermae. Constructed and used between the 3rd and 6th centuries AD, these baths emerged during a period of decline for the city of Odessos, coinciding with the broader downturn of the Roman Empire. During this time, the larger baths were abandoned and partially ruined. The site includes remnants of Byzantine baths, indicating continued use or adaptation of the facilities through subsequent centuries.
In 2014, efforts were made to clean and conserve the remains of the Small Roman Baths. This initiative included the installation of information signs in both Bulgarian and English, the creation of a summer scene with a tent, and an information kiosk with a restaurant to enhance visitor experience. The site has been fenced to protect it from vandalism, with measures in place to ensure its ongoing preservation. The restoration project, costing approximately BGN 300,000, was part of Varna's campaign to become the European Capital of Culture in 2019.
The Small Roman Baths are an integral part of the architectural-archaeological reserve "Ancient Odessos," which also includes artifacts from the Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine eras. This reserve is home to significant historical sites, including one of the oldest Orthodox churches in Varna, "St. Paraskeva," from the 18th century, and the Museum of New History of Varna. The baths themselves offer a glimpse into the daily life and social customs of the ancient inhabitants of Odessos, reflecting the city's rich and diverse historical tapestry.
In 2014, efforts were made to clean and conserve the remains of the Small Roman Baths. This initiative included the installation of information signs in both Bulgarian and English, the creation of a summer scene with a tent, and an information kiosk with a restaurant to enhance visitor experience. The site has been fenced to protect it from vandalism, with measures in place to ensure its ongoing preservation. The restoration project, costing approximately BGN 300,000, was part of Varna's campaign to become the European Capital of Culture in 2019.
The Small Roman Baths are an integral part of the architectural-archaeological reserve "Ancient Odessos," which also includes artifacts from the Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine eras. This reserve is home to significant historical sites, including one of the oldest Orthodox churches in Varna, "St. Paraskeva," from the 18th century, and the Museum of New History of Varna. The baths themselves offer a glimpse into the daily life and social customs of the ancient inhabitants of Odessos, reflecting the city's rich and diverse historical tapestry.
7) Anton Novak Square
Anton Novak Square serves as the main entrance to the city's iconic Sea Gardens. This square is a beloved spot for enjoying breathtaking sea views and hosting open-air concerts, making it a vibrant cultural hub.
The square was named after Anton Novak, a renowned Czech park designer who played a pivotal role in shaping the Sea Gardens' modern appearance. Novak, who had specialized at the Sch枚nbrunn and Belvedere palaces in Vienna, Austria-Hungary, was invited to Varna in 1894 by Karel 艩korpil, at the request of the local municipality. His expertise in landscape design helped transform the Sea Gardens into one of the most beautiful and serene public spaces in the city.
In 1939, architect Georgi Popov further enhanced the area by designing the garden's modern central entrance. This entrance features a wide plaza and tall columns, creating a grand and welcoming approach to the gardens.
Anton Novak Square, with its blend of historical significance and natural beauty, continues to be a favorite destination for both locals and tourists, offering a perfect spot for leisure and cultural enjoyment. The nearby cafes and bars, along with the lush greenery of the Sea Gardens, provide a relaxing environment for visitors to unwind and soak in the coastal ambiance.
The square was named after Anton Novak, a renowned Czech park designer who played a pivotal role in shaping the Sea Gardens' modern appearance. Novak, who had specialized at the Sch枚nbrunn and Belvedere palaces in Vienna, Austria-Hungary, was invited to Varna in 1894 by Karel 艩korpil, at the request of the local municipality. His expertise in landscape design helped transform the Sea Gardens into one of the most beautiful and serene public spaces in the city.
In 1939, architect Georgi Popov further enhanced the area by designing the garden's modern central entrance. This entrance features a wide plaza and tall columns, creating a grand and welcoming approach to the gardens.
Anton Novak Square, with its blend of historical significance and natural beauty, continues to be a favorite destination for both locals and tourists, offering a perfect spot for leisure and cultural enjoyment. The nearby cafes and bars, along with the lush greenery of the Sea Gardens, provide a relaxing environment for visitors to unwind and soak in the coastal ambiance.
8) Sea Garden (must see)
The Sea Garden is a beloved oasis where locals and visitors alike escape to enjoy fresh air and vibrant atmosphere, particularly during the hot summer months. This expansive park, covering an area of 0.8 square kilometers, stretches along the Black Sea coast and is home to many of Varna's most prominent attractions. These include the Palace of Culture and Sports, the Amphitheater, the Summer Theater, the "Seashell" Stage, the Dolphinarium, the Children's Playground, the Varna Museum of Natural History, and the Alpineum, among others. The Sea Garden is a multifaceted destination offering opportunities for relaxation, sports, entertainment, and cultural activities, making it a cornerstone of Varna's community life.
The Sea Garden's design was orchestrated by the renowned Czech landscape architect Anton Novak, who previously worked on the parks around Vienna's Sch枚nbrunn Palace and Belvedere Castle. Invited in 1894 by the Varna Municipality with the help of archaeologist Karel 艩korpil, Novak transformed the area, which consisted of green spaces, a landfill, and an old slaughterhouse, into a beautifully landscaped park. The development of the garden involved bringing in a diverse array of trees and plants from regions such as Longoza, Strandzha, and even the Mediterranean and Constantinople. The result was a harmonious blend of rare tree species and picturesque alleys, establishing the Sea Garden as one of the most beautiful parks in the Balkans.
The Sea Garden also features the National Revival Alley, adorned with monuments commemorating Bulgarian revivalists and freedom fighters. Initially planned to include 22 monuments, the alley currently showcases 14 statues due to historical events like the World Wars and the socialist regime. Another notable area within the garden is the Astronauts Alley, where it became a tradition during the Cold War for visiting cosmonauts to plant trees. This practice began with Yuri Gagarin in 1961 and included other space pioneers from the Socialist Bloc.
Today, the Sea Garden remains a well-maintained and cherished space, offering a serene environment for walks, recreation, and cultural activities. Whether visiting the zoo, the Natural Sciences Museum, or enjoying outdoor sports facilities, the Sea Garden continues to be a central part of Varna's cultural and social fabric.
The Sea Garden's design was orchestrated by the renowned Czech landscape architect Anton Novak, who previously worked on the parks around Vienna's Sch枚nbrunn Palace and Belvedere Castle. Invited in 1894 by the Varna Municipality with the help of archaeologist Karel 艩korpil, Novak transformed the area, which consisted of green spaces, a landfill, and an old slaughterhouse, into a beautifully landscaped park. The development of the garden involved bringing in a diverse array of trees and plants from regions such as Longoza, Strandzha, and even the Mediterranean and Constantinople. The result was a harmonious blend of rare tree species and picturesque alleys, establishing the Sea Garden as one of the most beautiful parks in the Balkans.
The Sea Garden also features the National Revival Alley, adorned with monuments commemorating Bulgarian revivalists and freedom fighters. Initially planned to include 22 monuments, the alley currently showcases 14 statues due to historical events like the World Wars and the socialist regime. Another notable area within the garden is the Astronauts Alley, where it became a tradition during the Cold War for visiting cosmonauts to plant trees. This practice began with Yuri Gagarin in 1961 and included other space pioneers from the Socialist Bloc.
Today, the Sea Garden remains a well-maintained and cherished space, offering a serene environment for walks, recreation, and cultural activities. Whether visiting the zoo, the Natural Sciences Museum, or enjoying outdoor sports facilities, the Sea Garden continues to be a central part of Varna's cultural and social fabric.
9) Slivnitsa & Kniaz Boris I Shopping Area
The Slivnitsa Boulevard and Kniaz Boris I Boulevard make a pedestrianized area that offers a vibrant mix of local and international retail experiences. Starting at the central entrance of the Sea Garden on Slivnitsa Street, this bustling shopping district extends along Kniaz Boris I Boulevard, reaching all the way to Independence Square, where the city's largest fountain is located. Here, visitors can find a wide array of shops, cafes, and banks, with a diverse selection of merchandise ranging from clothing and accessories to lifestyle products.
Top international brands such as Escada, Benetton, Mango, Max Danieli, New Yorker, and Adidas are well-represented, catering to various tastes and preferences. Additionally, the area showcases renowned Bulgarian brands like Dika, Batti Baleno, Daphne, Capasca, and Miro, offering a unique opportunity to explore local fashion and design. This blend of global and local brands makes the Slivnitsa and Kniaz Boris I shopping area a must-visit destination for both tourists and residents, providing a comprehensive shopping experience in the heart of Varna.
Top international brands such as Escada, Benetton, Mango, Max Danieli, New Yorker, and Adidas are well-represented, catering to various tastes and preferences. Additionally, the area showcases renowned Bulgarian brands like Dika, Batti Baleno, Daphne, Capasca, and Miro, offering a unique opportunity to explore local fashion and design. This blend of global and local brands makes the Slivnitsa and Kniaz Boris I shopping area a must-visit destination for both tourists and residents, providing a comprehensive shopping experience in the heart of Varna.
Walking Tours in Varna, Bulgaria
Create Your Own Walk in Varna
Creating your own self-guided walk in Varna is easy and fun. Choose the city attractions that you want to see and a walk route map will be created just for you. You can even set your hotel as the start point of the walk.
Varna Sea Garden Walking Tour
Varna Sea Garden, situated along the Varna Bay coast of the Black Sea, is perhaps the most famous attraction in town. This vibrant and expansive urban park offers a mix of natural beauty and a variety of points of interest, making it a must-visit location for anyone exploring the area.
Anton Novak Square, a lively space where locals and visitors like to gather, is a good spot to start your... view more
Tour Duration: 2 Hour(s)
Travel Distance: 3.7 Km or 2.3 Miles
Anton Novak Square, a lively space where locals and visitors like to gather, is a good spot to start your... view more
Tour Duration: 2 Hour(s)
Travel Distance: 3.7 Km or 2.3 Miles
The Most Popular Cities
/ view all